The restorative effects of multi-sensory open space design – the example of Japanese gardens

Abstract

The primary health issues of modern urban lifestyle are stress-related and can lead to serious dam- age to both physical and mental wellbeing. In this context, the topic of restorative effects of natural elements in the paper aims to expand the knowledge base regarding different relations between the characteristics of urban design, sensorial aspects of space and their therapeutic and healing effect. Focusing on users’ multiple sensory dimensions, sensory parks emphasize the stimulation of various senses, en- hancing human communication with others, and positive emotional responses. Multi-sensory per- ception in a rehabilitation garden is closely related to the users’ sense of existence, emotions, emotional and existential awareness and the mental restorative effects. The methodology is based on the focused literature review regarding theoretical concepts such as Environmental psychology, Attention Restoration Theory, Place Attachment, Restorative gardens, etc. Also, this paper will present the case study analysis, including expert observation of good practice examples of Japanese gardens and open public spaces. Therefore, this paper will examine the theories and practical examples that show the therapeutic impact that the multi-sensorial approach can have and develop guidelines for successful urban design of sensory open space will be presented.