@article{
author = "Gercek, Cihan and Devetaković, Mirjana and Krstić-Furundžić, Aleksandra and Reinders, Angèle",
year = "2020",
abstract = "This paper presents the energy balance, architectural design features and cost aspects of 24
building integrated photovoltaic (BIPV) projects in three different contexts, namely BIPV in residential,
office and historical buildings. These BIPV projects have been modelled and evaluated for different
geographic locations because the European Energy Performance of Buildings Directive (2018/844/EU)
has resulted in country-specific regulations and situations aimed towards the reduction in energy
consumption, and hence the CO2 emissions of built environments. Moreover, the geographical
variation of irradiation affects the performance of different BIPV projects on different locations.
The results of our study show that the return of investment of BIPV projects across 12 countries
took (on average) 13.3 years. Furthermore, the residential projects —as compared to non-residential
buildings—were mostly energy plus buildings with an average self-sufficiency of 110% due to their
low energy consumption. In conclusion, most BIPV projects resulted in realistic energy performances
(on average: 761 kWh/kWp.year), low payback times (10 years for residential and office buildings),
and modelled unique design features.",
publisher = "Basel : MDPI",
journal = "Applied Sciences",
title = "Energy Balance, Cost and Architectural Design Features of 24 Building Integrated Photovoltaic Projects Using a Modelling Approach",
volume = "10",
number = "24",
pages = "8860",
doi = "10.3390/app10248860"
}