Wood as element of facade cladding in modern architecture

Abstract

Wool is a natural ecological material. Today, in architecture, wood is used not only in the traditional way but there are also present numerous products of wood industry. Wood and wood products as an element of facade cladding in modern architecture are the subject of research in this paper, with an objective to expand knowledge of the possibilities and limitations of their use, and to create the foundation for their correct and wider use. The modern method of treatment of the facades involves multi-layered facades as an assembly of a facade layer, which consists of several layers: the structural part, thermal insulation and final facade cladding. Wood and wood-based products that are used as external, facade, wooden wall coverings, except for humidity protection (especially from heavy rain), the impact of temperature (summer and winter thermal fluctuations), solar radiation and wind, have a particular impact on the architectural appearance of a building. They represent what most determines the appearance of an architectural structure, its exterior and have an impact on the overall experience of the building. Wood can also be used to produce facade cladding for small products such as boards and shingles, but also for medium and large panels. Wood and wood-based products are very suitable for external cladding, since they not only have a beautiful and unique visual appearance, but also, with proper use, their durability can be provided. What gives the advantages to wood and wood products as a material for the external coating is the possibility of replacement in case of damage; because some parts of the coating can easily be changed. In the design and construction of the facade, the criteria of proper selection of the type of wood, suitable surface treatment, protection from various harmful impacts, and lire protection must be applied.