Comparative analysis of multi-criteria models for decision-making in the process of building adaptation

Abstract

Since adaptations are an increasingly common type of activity architectural practice, and buildings out-of-use are a problem faced by a growing number of cities, the paper discusses the structure and segments of multi-criteria models created in different contexts, which are developed to contribute to better decision-making in the process of adaptation, to achieve maximum economic, environmental and social sustainability. The choice of the appropriate architectural and structural intervention is influenced by several criteria, among which, mostly, the decisive ones are those related to the economic viability of the entire adaptation process. The paper presents a comparative analysis of criteria, applied valorization, and applications of five multi-criteria models. The criteria considered within all types of adaptations have been determined, and those that are specific to a certain type of intervention or context have been pointed out. Regarding applied valorization systems, the advantages and disadvantages of MCDA methods used to develop the analyzed tools, quantitative and qualitative scales of evaluation of criteria and indicators are recognized, as well as the possibility of changing their weighting factor. Since the models are intended for non-professional users, the simplicity of the application was considered. Although the focus of research is on the adaptation of office buildings by adaptive reuse, models that include other types of adaptations are also analyzed, because certain segments of these models may be important for creating new models with a greater degree of personalization, which application may extend the period of the useful life of adapted buildings.