The role of green space and alternative transportation in improving public health

Abstract

The shift of paradigms regarding public health from pathogenesis to salutogenesis (Antonovsky, 1979) is reflected in the famous definition of health given by the World Health Organization. Health is not simply identified through the absence of disease, but as a state of complete physical and mental well-being. The main issues that affect public health in the modern era are stress and a sedentary lifestyle. There is a growing body of research suggesting that exposure to natural characteristics of open green space can improve both physical and mental well-being (Ulrich et al., 1991). Additionally, environmental psychologists argue that green space design can influence public health and positive behaviour of people, such as social interaction, physical activity and the use of alternative transportation, pedestrian and biking. The aim of this research is to identify how specific characteristics and urban design of green space can be beneficial to public health, as well as how the use of alternative transpiration solutions can increase positive health outcomes. In addition we will try to identify which areas in the urban city areas have the most healing potential for improving public health. The methodology is based on theoretical research and extensive literature review regarding the aforementioned topics, followed by expert observation of green space and people's behaviour in the riverfront area of New Belgrade.