The Spatial Concept of the Airport Passenger Terminal as a Function of Safety, Health and Environmental Protection

Abstract

Airport passenger terminal contains a large number of different functional areas needed for passengers and their luggage in motion to the destination, whether on departing airport or on arriving airport. The movement of departing or arriving passengers requires openness and acceptability of the facility in both directions. During his stay in the facility of the airport terminal passenger passes certain areas (entrance, ticket check-in, security control, customs control ...). Good visibility, identification and linear, one-way distribution of movement and easy spatial orientation are basic assumptions for high-quality functioning of the facility. Airport passenger terminal represents the place of highly intense passengers, goods and information flow. The intense flow, frequency and concentration of people – users in the facility require special attention during the spatial design conception adoption of the airport passenger terminal. From the safety viewpoint it is necessary to fulfil high standards required by international documents and procedures. Additionionally, it is necessary to constantly improve the quality of the interior space for higher comfort offered to users. Proper lighting (natural, artificial, and indirect (or) direct, air conditioning, ventilation, humidity and air temperature, audio visual comfort, etc.) are set to be very important tasks in the adoption of the spatial concept of the airport passenger terminal. Length of retention and passengers flow, as well as the capacity and the peak loads calculations represent the input parameters which are the carriers of the project task. The paper analyzes how specific technological and environmental parameters influence the choice of typological forms of airport passenger terminal. This shows a correlation between architectural, spatial concept of the airport passenger terminal, safety and health of passengers-users, and indirectly the attitude towards the environment and its preservation.